Bone Health – Definition, Components, Tips, and More

Bone Health Definition

Bone Health, bone provides shape and support to the body, protects internal organs from trauma, and facilitates locomotion.  And acts as a storage site for minerals, particularly calcium and phosphorous, which can be releasing to maintain fluid balance. Corporal. In addition, it provides bone marrow, essential for the development and storage of blood cells.

The human skeleton is complete up of 206 bones, not counting the teeth: 80 axial bones, which include the bones of the head, face, hyoid, auditory, trunk, ribs, and sternum; and 126 appendicular bones, which include those of the arms, shoulders, wrists, hands, legs, hips, ankles, and feet. There are two types of bone :

Cortical or compact

It forms the bones’ outer and more complex layer, although most of it is found in the long bones’ diaphyses (central part). It accounts for 80% of the skeletal mass. Provides protection, support, and resists the efforts that occur in movements.

Trabecular or spongy.

It forms most of the vertebral body, the epiphyses (ends) of long bones, and is present elsewhere. It consists of lamellae arranging in a network called trabeculae; Inside each trabecula are the cells that directly receive nutrients from the blood circulates through the medullary cavities. It is the most metabolically active part of the skeleton.

Bone Components

Bone or inorganic matrix. The mineral component is mainly compose of calcium and magnesium cations and the phosphate anion in the form of hydroxyapatite. The hardness of the bone is due to calcium salts, which are a fundamental part of its structure.

Organic matrix. Also called osteoid, It represents 25% of the weight and 38% of the volume of adult bone. Most of the organic matrix comprises collagen (94%); the other part, or ground substance, comprises extracellular fluid and carbohydrate-protein compounds. Osteocalcin is the second most abundant protein in bone after collagen. It is belief to affect bone mineralization by binding in part to the mineral component of bone, hydroxyapatite.

Bone cells:

1. a) Osteoprogenitor and osteogenic: mother cells, the only ones capable of division whose daughter cells become osteoblasts.
2. b) Osteoblasts: synthesize collagen fibers and are the fundamental substance of bone. They have the function of forming bone tissue.
3. c) Osteocytes are the osteoblasts already incorporating into the already calcified bone matrix and are responsible for keeping the bone tissue alive.
4. d) Osteoclasts: they are the cells responsible for the resorption and elimination of unwanted bone tissue, essential for the normal development, growth, maintenance, and repair of bone.

Bone Formation

Bone comprises active tissue that is continually being formed and destroyed. That is, patches of old bone are destroyed and replaced by new bone. To favor the formation of new bone (bone metabolism), an adequate intake of nutrients and minerals such as calcium and vitamin D is necessary, although not only this aspect influences, since bone metabolism is regulated by intricate interactions between the genetic potential of the individual, the environment and, of course, nutritional factors.

We can speak of three training processes:

Modeling: At this stage, the bone acquires and maintains its shape. It is associated with growth in childhood and adolescence.

Repair: Response to the invoice.

It has remodeled: A continuous cycle of formation and destruction throughout life.

 Bone Health: Tips to Keep Your Bones Healthy

Protecting the health of your bones is more straightforward than you reason. But, first, understand how diet, physical activity, and other lifestyle factors affect your bone density.

Muscles perform many functions in the body: they provide structure, protect organs, support muscles, and store calcium. So while it’s essential to build strong, healthy bones during childhood and adolescence, you can also take steps to protect bone health as an adult.

Why is bone health important?

Bones are continually changing: the body makes new bone tissue, and existing tissue wears down. When one is young, the body produces new bone tissue faster than it wears down living bone tissue, and bone density increase. Most people reach their maximum bone density around the age of 30. After that, bone remodeling continues, but slightly more bone density is lost than is gained.

Your chance of developing osteoporosis, a condition that causes your bones to become weak and brittle, depends on how much bone density you achieve by the time you’re 30 and how quickly you lose it. The higher your peak bone density, the more bone tissue you have “in reserve,” and the less likely you will develop osteoporosis as you age.

What can affect bone health?

Several factors can affect bone health. For example:

The amount of calcium in your diet: A low-calcium diet contributes to decreasing bone density, early decalcification, and an increased risk of fractures.

Physical activity: Compared to more active people, sedentary people are more likely to have osteoporosis.

Tobacco and alcohol consumption: Research suggests that tobacco use weakens bones. Also, regularly drinking more than one alcoholic drink a day for women or two alcoholic beverages a day for men can increase the risk of osteoporosis.

Also, having some of your parents or siblings with osteoporosis puts you at higher risk, especially if you also have a family history of fractures.

Conclusion

Bone comprises living tissue that forms the skeleton together with cartilaginous tissue. Bone tissue has three fundamental components: minerals, organic matrix, and bone cells. It also fulfills numerous functions.

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